鏈斗式挖(wa)沙船最明顯的特點就是它的斗鏈。鏈斗式(shi)挖沙船的(de)(de)(de)斗鏈(lian)是由沙(sha)斗和鏈(lian)節組成的(de)(de)(de)，它(ta)纏繞在挖沙(sha)船斗橋的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)下導輪(lun)之間。它(ta)對(dui)土(tu)質的(de)(de)(de)適應能力(li)強(qiang)，能挖掘除巖(yan)石(shi)以外的(de)(de)(de)各種土(tu)壤，對(dui)挖掘爆破后的(de)(de)(de)碎巖(yan)石(shi)也較其他(ta)種挖泥(ni)船有效。挖后水(shui)底比(bi)較平整，適用于海港(gang)和河港(gang)碼頭(tou)泊位、灘地、水(shui)工建筑(zhu)物基槽等(deng)規(gui)格要(yao)求較嚴的(de)(de)(de)工程。
鏈斗式挖(wa)沙船就是(shi)靠(kao)斗(dou)(dou)鏈(lian)(lian)完(wan)成(cheng)切(qie)沙、裝(zhuang)沙過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)。船(chuan)斗(dou)(dou)橋的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)導輪上(shang)下(xia)(xia)驅動(dong)使沙斗(dou)(dou)中的(de)(de)(de)沙子(zi)(zi)自(zi)動(dong)卸在(zai)挖(wa)沙船(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)傳輸(shu)帶(dai)上(shang)，然后(hou)將(jiang)沙子(zi)(zi)送(song)到(dao)運輸(shu)船(chuan)上(shang)或者直接卸在(zai)岸上(shang)。這樣鏈(lian)(lian)斗(dou)(dou)式挖(wa)沙船(chuan)就完(wan)成(cheng)挖(wa)沙工作了挖(wa)沙船(chuan)是(shi)流動(dong)作業的(de)(de)(de)沙石(shi)采掘(jue)工具，在(zai)內陸河道中挖(wa)沙船(chuan)每天的(de)(de)(de)采沙量能夠達到(dao)幾十(shi)噸(dun)甚(shen)至幾千噸(dun)。鏈(lian)(lian)斗(dou)(dou)式挖(wa)沙船(chuan)有很多優點，我(wo)們在(zai)使用中更應提(ti)高它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)工作效(xiao)率(lv)，下(xia)(xia)面為大家說一下(xia)(xia)影響(xiang)鏈(lian)(lian)斗(dou)(dou)式挖(wa)沙船(chuan)工作效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)因素(su)主要有哪(na)幾個方面：
; 首先，河(he)(he)道(dao)的啟齒寬度、水深及(ji)變(bian)化規律(lv)；河(he)(he)岸(an)高度及(ji)邊坡長度；河(he)(he)床及(ji)沉積物(wu)性質與(yu)泥土硬度；岸(an)邊樹(shu)木及(ji)建筑(zhu)物(wu)分布；河(he)(he)上橋閘高度、尺寸及(ji)通過(guo)性的要求(qiu)(qiu)；四周有無排泥場(chang)，對泥漿(jiang)濃度的要求(qiu)(qiu)及(ji)泥漿(jiang)處理(li)方(fang)式；岸(an)邊通路(lu)，機械功課(ke)方(fang)式、場(chang)地及(ji)對挖沙船出入現場(chang)的要求(qiu)(qiu)；電力、能(neng)源(yuan)及(ji)后(hou)勤(qin)維(wei)修(xiu)等前提的保證；河(he)(he)道(dao)繁(fan)忙程度，是(shi)否(fou)答應斷行功課(ke)；施工(gong)季節及(ji)天氣等等。
因此(ci)要(yao)對挖沙船(chuan)進(jin)行保養。開(kai)機(ji)(ji)前(qian)先對整個挖沙船的傳(chuan)動(dong)系(xi)統及機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)油(you)料(liao)進行檢(jian)查，然(ran)后(hou)開(kai)動(dong)后(hou)邊拉輸(shu)送帶的柴油(you)機(ji)(ji)，拉開(kai)離合器(qi)(qi)，發動(dong)柴油(you)機(ji)(ji)，慢(man)慢(man)動(dong)松(song)離合器(qi)(qi)，將轉速(su)調至(zhi)正(zheng)常(chang)。再(zai)(zai)發動(dong)前(qian)拉鏈斗(dou)的柴油(you)機(ji)(ji)，兩柴油(you)機(ji)(ji)起動(dong)后(hou)。將轉速(su)調至(zhi)需(xu)要速(su)度。然(ran)后(hou)松(song)開(kai)大(da)(da)臂(bei)剎車。慢(man)慢(man)將其放下(xia)，等料(liao)斗(dou)內沙子(zi)多(duo)于2/3時(shi)，可停(ting)止下(xia)放，待至(zhi)1/3時(shi)再(zai)(zai)資助(zhu)下(xia)大(da)(da)臂(bei)。
當大(da)(da)臂(bei)與水(shui)面成45度角時(shi)，應(ying)停(ting)放大(da)(da)臂(bei)。這(zhe)時(shi)料斗內沙(sha)子的(de)多少改(gai)用(yong)牽(qian)引(yin)控制。挖(wa)沙(sha)船(chuan)前進(jin)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)查看斗內沙(sha)子的(de)多少而定(ding)，前進(jin)后(hou)退(tui)要(yao)(yao)靈活，如遇沙(sha)層塌方(fang)機(ji)械工作吃力(li)或拉(la)不動(dong)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)牽(qian)引(yin)繩松開，使船(chuan)向后(hou)退(tui)，直(zhi)至(zhi)挖(wa)動(dong)為(wei)止(zhi)。如水(shui)下遇有大(da)(da)石頭或泥層，船(chuan)體會(hui)有劇烈的(de)振(zhen)動(dong)現象，這(zhe)時(shi)應(ying)立即提(ti)起(qi)挖(wa)沙(sha)大(da)(da)臂(bei)，避過障礙物再進(jin)行。
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The most obvious feature of chain bucket dredging is its bucket chain. Chain bucket digging sand bucket chain is composed of Sha Dou and chain sections, it is wrapped around the bottom of the dredging boat bridge. It has strong adaptability to the soil, can excavate all kinds of soils besides rocks, and the crushed rocks after excavation blasting are more effective than other kinds of dredger. After digging underwater relatively flat, applicable to harbor and river Port Wharf berth, beach, hydraulic structure base groove and other specifications requirements stricter engineering.
Bucket-type dredging boat is to complete the Cesa and loading the sand process by bucket chain. The upper and lower roller drive of the bucket Bridge makes the sand in the bucket automatically unloaded on the transfer belt of the dredging vessel, and then sends the sand to the transport ship or directly on the shore. Such chain bucket dig sand to complete dredging work is a flow of gravel excavation sand drilling tools, dredging sand in the inland rivers every day can reach dozens of tons or even thousands of tons. Chain bucket dredging has many advantages, we should improve its efficiency in use, below for everyone to say that the impact of the chain bucket dredging work efficiency factors are mainly in the areas:
Firstly, the reluctant width, depth and regularity of the river channel, the height of the river bank and the length of the slope; the nature of riverbed and sediment and the hardness of soil, the distribution of trees and buildings on the shore; the height, size and passage of the bridge gate; there is no mud field around requirements for slurry concentration and slurry treatment; shore access, mechanical work methods, venues and the requirements for the site of dredging vessels; the assurance of the premises of electricity, energy and logistical maintenance; the degree of River rush, whether the consent to break the homework, construction season and weather etc.
Therefore, the dredging of sand vessels is to be maintained. Before the power on the whole of the drive system and machine oil to inspect the sand, and then pull the conveyor belt of the diesel engine, pulling the clutch, starting the diesel engine, slowly moving loose clutch, rotate the speed to normal. The front zipper bucket of diesel engines, two diesel engines start. Adjust the speed to the required speed. Then loosen the big arm brakes. Slowly put it down, such as the hopper in more than 2/3 sand, can stop decentralization, to 1/3 when the support of the next big arm.
When the big arm and the water surface into 45 degrees angle, should park the big arm. At this time the amount of sand in the hopper switched to traction control. To see how much sand to dig in the bucket, the forward backward to be flexible, such as in the case of sand collapse mechanical work hard or pulling the rope to loosen, so that the boat to retreat, until the excavation. If there is a large stone or mud in the water, the hull will have a violent vibration phenomenon, then should immediately mention digging sand arm, avoid obstacles to proceed.
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